Hand-loom



'UNITED STATES PATENT oFFIo-Ef JAMES A. MITCHELL, 0F RINGG'OLD, GEORGIA.

HAND-LOOM.

Specification of Letters Patent No.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, J AMES A. MITCHELL, of Ringgold, in the county of Walker and State of Georgia, have invented and made certain new and useful Improvements in Looms for IVeaving, which invention and improvement I term the Pia-no Hand- Loom; and I do hereby decla-re that the` following is a' full, clear, and exact description of the method of construction and mode of operating the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and making a part of this specification, in which- Figure A, is a top sectional view of the loom, showing the piano-like keys, pegs, or knobs a, a, a, a, with the lever connecting rods b, b, b the horizontal lateral levers c, c, c, c, the lever connection rods d, CZ, d, d, the treadle actuating bars e, e, e, e, with their pins or bolts connection f, f, f, f, and helical springs g, g, g, g, the harness treadles 71 71 h, z, the treadle actuating forks z', z', a', z', the cloth beam or rail J, J, the cloth roller or cylinder 7c, c, la, 7c, the chain or warp cylinder L, L, M, M, M, M, N, N; the treadle beam or fulcrum rail; O, O, the frontbeam or finger board g, g, the harness; s, s, the pivot-s or fulcrum axis of the treadle; o, fu, lv', o, fu, the key recess, or chamber of the finger board; B, B, the bat/ten or beater beam.

To enable others to be skilled in the use and application of my invention andimprovements, I will proceed to describe the construction and operation thereof, the nature and principles of which, consist in the usual form of constructing hand looms, andthe combining therewith, new *and original mechanical combination, the description of which I will give; deeming a detail of the loom in general unnecessary.

By reference to the drawing Fig. A, the mechanism is shown; exhibiting the pianolike action, keys, pegs or knobs, a, a, a, a, arranged within a recess or chamber v, fv, o, o, lv, formed in the front rail O, O, which is the finger board for the mechanism, and forms part of the loom frame, said keys, or knobs a, a, a, a, projecting the required distance upward, through corresponding apertures or openings, formed in the finger board or top plane 0, 0, of the loom frame, and arranged, not in a direct line transversely or longitudinally, but obliquely across the finger board o, o, at suitable distances apart. To the lower ends of said 10,340, dated December 2o, 185s.

keys a, a, a, a, is attached mechanism., similar in operation to bell-cranks. cranks are attached to wires or rods b, l?, b, b, connecting the horizontal lateral levers c, c, c, c, turning on pivots w, which are connected by rod links d, d, (l, cZ,'with the treadle bars e, e, e, e; thereby communicating lateral motion to the treadles L, h, L, 7L. By this mechanical combination, all that is necessary to be done, in order to actuat-e the right treadle, causing the required harness to act, the proper warp or chain thread, is simply to press with the finger the proper key or peg, andthe right treadle is brought laterally immediately under one of the forks z', z', z', z', attached to the underside of the hatten or beater B, B, Fig. A, in the work-` ing it to and fro; or in beating up the woof. Thus the feet t-readles are dispensed with, and each particular harness is made to per- These:

form its respective ofIice of carrying down, Y

or bringing up the desired warp or chain, by the aid of the peculiar mechanism eX- hibited. The spiral springsg, g, g, g, are used to perform the oice of reacting or pulling back, the treadles la', it, L, It, and the harness Q, Q, after being operated by the hands or fingers. Again too, by this mechanism, the danger of treading the wrong treadle is wholly avoided, and the liability of making irregularities and imperfections in the woven fabric, is greatly diminished.

-sof

It must be observed, that the warp, or i chain threads pass around, and over the chain cylinder L, L, M, M, M, M, toward the front part of the loom, and then passing through the harness @,Q, and the batten or beater fra-me B, B, where the filling or woof is introduced, forming the cloth, which passes over the cloth-beam or rail J, J, and

continues down between the rail J, J, and

Athe'finger-board O, O, and is rolled around the cloth roller or cylinder K, K, K, K.

By my improved mechanical combination,

I am enabled to weave at least three yards` f per'hour, and any number of ticks, or beats, may be made without any danger of fining the piano-like action, immediately be-V fore the operator, and the treadlesso are ranged and adjustable so that only one"treadle,

when required can be actuated in moving the I e batten, effectually prevents, as stated the drawing down of the wrong warp or chain.

Having thus fully described the mate-V rial construction and operation of my pia-no treadles, substantially in the manner described; whereby I am enabled to operate the harness of hand l0oms,by a movement of the lingers instead of the feet. I do not however claim the inventing the hand loom, as generally constructed, or used, or as 0perated by feet pedals, or treadles.

JAMES A. MITCHELL. [L s]` Attest:

Y. W. THORNTON, Y

WM. L. WHITMAN. 

